Fungus Gnats in Cleveland
Fungus gnats are tiny insects with delicate bodies, long wings, and thin legs. They can be a nuisance in homes and businesses where ferns and other indoor plants with organic-rich soil serve as breeding grounds. Their larvae primarily feed on fungi and organic matter in the soil, while also damaging roots, which can be problematic in greenhouses, nurseries, and indoor plant setups. Adults are attracted to light and are typically observed near windows or light fixtures. They are often brought inside on potted plants that have been delivered to celebrate an event.
Fungus Gnat Habitat
In outdoor environments, fungus gnats are attracted to moisture, creating problems in areas where landscapes are overwatered or in low-lying spots that retain excess water after heavy rains. Indoors, they are attracted to light and often hover near windows. Unlike house flies, fungus gnats are not strong flyers and typically stay near potted plants. Indoors, they are commonly found in high-moisture areas such as kitchens, bathrooms, laundry rooms, and crawl spaces. Infestations have been found in walls or ceilings where an undetected leak was present, in pet feces at the bottom of cages, and in the drip pans under refrigerators. Outside, fungus gnats may be found in dead leaves, rotting firewood, compost piles, and heavily mulched areas that are shaded and constantly over-watered.
Fungus Gnat Behaviors, Threats or Dangers
Adult fungus gnats do not bite or damage plants; their presence is mainly considered a nuisance. It is the larvae that cause damage, particularly in large numbers, by affecting roots and stunting plant growth, especially in seedlings and young plants. Eggs from the female fungus gnat are deposited on the surface of damp soil that is rich in organic content. The larvae appear long and thin and feed for 12 to 14 days on fungi, organic material, and plant roots. Significant root damage and even plant death may occur with high populations. A wilting houseplant may not necessarily need more water but could be suffering from root damage caused by fungus gnat larvae.
For assistance with a fungus gnat problem, get in touch with a local pest management professional.
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